Daily worms infected adults and children, it can defend, but it turns out not always. So, for this, to clearly understand, who at us has ended, it is necessary to know their types. After all, just correctly identify the helminth, it is possible to beat him.
In this article you Will learn about: what human worms where can their snap, the characteristic symptoms of the assault. Take care of your health, and remember that you Have one.
Human worms — classification
Helminths (worms) – a huge class of parasitic worms that live in the body of humans, animals and plants. Helminths, parasitic worms, feeding on the internal resources of the organism "host" not only weaken the body but also supports the development of other associated diseases.
Oddly enough, but almost every second person – the wearer of one of the types of deworming and even suspected it until they show complications or will not be carried out further examination. Depending on the climatic zone, on the territory of different continents there are different worms.
Also, the helminths are divided according to the method of transmission from body to body:
- bio helminths – are transmitted from animals;
- contagious – transmitted from a sick person;
- geo-helminths – the larvae are deposited in the soil.
In case of contact with the larvae into the body, which move around the body with the flow of blood and is deposited in the organs. Most helminths settle in different parts of the intestine. Classification according to the place of settlement of parasites:
- Translucent helminths – settle in the hollow organs.
- Cloth – are placed in the tissues.
- Other – can live and in the hollow organs and deep tissue.
In nature there are about 250 species of deworming. For each of them requires certain conditions for their existence and development. Worms differ among themselves in size, shape and other typical symptoms.
The classification of these parasites, yet the end was not created and is not approved by the scientists.
The distribution of worms on a territorial basis also has a place. This fact complicates the classification of parasites. In countries in the middle latitudes with temperate climatic conditions can count more than 20 types of deworming, which are divided into three groups depending on the appearance and form:
- Round (hookworm);
- Tape (cestodes);
- Flat (flukes).
Hookworm and flukes more widespread in nature than the tape parasites. The human body – is an ideal environment for multiplication and growth of pinworms and Ascaris. Also often occur and Trichinella. To in cestodes include bull, pig, rat apni, broad tapeworm.
Types of deworming in humans — roundworms (hookworm)
Other designations of these worms – hookworm. This kind of de-worming is considered to be the most common. They are characterized by a round body shape in cross section. The length of the body in different species of worms can vary greatly – from 5 mm to 40 see
For life is usually decide to the intestine, but easy enough to migrate in the body of the host and can live in other organs.
The extensive spread of the nematodes is due to the fact that infection by them is going on very easily. The interim boss is not needed, and is transmitted from one infected to another. Also the invasion may develop when consumed in food unwashed fruits or vegetables. This is the reason why infection with these worms is typical for children, because they tend to violate the rules of hygiene.
Pinworms
Pinworms – the representatives of the roundworms have a round shape, a length of about 2 cm. Occur in both adults and children. Settle in the small intestine and develops from the larva stage to adult in 2 weeks. Pinworms cause enterobiasis disease.
Assault Enterobius is manifested by inflammation of the walls of the intestines, broke the digestive processes, toxins worms cause local bleeding. The disease manifests itself in the evening itching in the back alley. Itching cause the females, which lay eggs.
Become infected with Enterobius can not only when in contact with common items with an infected person, but also through the vegetables in the garden (eggs are stored in the soil), cockroaches and flies — the vectors of eggs of worms. When on enterobiasis in women parasites can cause inflammation of the genital organs. Also, to become inflamed and scratching, which leads to Staphylococcus.
Roundworm
Roundworm – roundworms grow up to 40 cm and a diameter of about 6 cm. Eggs of Ascaris when hitting the soil can be stored for about a year before falling into a favorable environment for development. When the larva of the roundworm enters the body of media and starts to develop, it eliminates the toxins affecting the lungs, liver.
The Larva travels throughout the body and affects the blood vessels and causes an inflammatory deposits. Prove in the intestines and live at the expense of its content. A day can postpone a few thousand eggs.
Thanks to its considerable size of the roundworm in search of food can move in the ducts of the pancreas, bile ducts of the liver, causing inflammatory processes of the bowel, they can get into the esophagus and block the airway. Causes this diseases, such as ascariasis.
Finding the roundworm in the body can be recognized by symptoms:
- Nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain.
- Fatigue.
- Diarrhea, red worms in the stool.
- Of an allergic reaction.
Roundworm have a property to shrink into a ball, there is a bowel obstruction, and as a consequence – peritonitis.
Whipworm
Another representative of roundworms – this is whipworm. Their length – 5 cm. Vary unusual shape – the main part is thin and short part is wide. The presence in the human body whipworm can cause trihozefalez.
Availability in the body of whipworm leads to trichocephalosis and manifests symptoms:
- abdominal pain, decreased appetite;
- diarrhea subsides constipation;
- sometimes admixture of blood in the stool;
- anemia from lack of iron.
Toxocara
This variety of round worms live in the stomach of the dog and with the feces, the eggs fall on the soil. Outwardly, a parasite similar to the Ascaris, but only grows to 15 inches. The complete life cycle of this parasite takes place exactly in the body of the dog, so to get into the favorable environment of the person, the larvae are killed, but failed when it hurt.
Affect the muscles, liver, lungs, heart, fabric eye, the brain, develops the disease toxocariasis.
The activity of the larvae in the body is manifested by the following symptoms:
- an increase in temperature;
- increase in the lymph nodes and the liver;
- skin rashes;
- infiltrates in the lungs;
- shortness of breath, dry wheezing, cough;
- violation of the psyche and cramps;
- a blood test shows the presence of eosinophils.
Confirmation of the diagnosis is possible by scraping the affected area of the skin, a blood test for antibodies, a biopsy of the liver.
Ancylostoma
In this case, infection occurs through the skin or by ingestion of the larvae. With the blood may be in the lungs and the heart, but rather the small intestine. They live about 4 years, causing the hookworm. His symptoms:
- Fever.
- Increased salivation.
- Eosinophilia.
Manifestations of the pathology arise on the neglected stage of the disease when accumulate in the body a large amount of worming. In the initial stage differs asymptomatic in the course of, because of what appear pathology can happen.
Tape worms (cestodes)
If you study all the species occurring in man the worms, then tapeworms are among the most dangerous. The main risk is related to the size, because this type of parasite can reach a length of 18 m.
For this reason, it is their effect on the human body very negatively. The whole cycle of their life requires a change of the owner. A certain part of the tape worms live in the body of cattle, from which they move to the people.
Broad tapeworm
Broad tapeworm reaches 10 m in length. Using the slit on the head is attached to the surface of the intestines. The organism gets with raw freshwater fish in the form of caterpillars and fully develops in the course of the month.
Symptomatically the presence of the parasite in the body is manifested as:
- beriberi from the lack of vitamin B12, folic acid;
- vomiting, nausea, diarrhea;
- function disorders of the gastrointestinal tract;
- depletion of the body;
- an increase in temperature.
This parasite feeds by absorbing nutrients the surface of the whole of their considerable weight. In the place of the insertion of a wide tasemnicea develops necrosis. In the stool appear segments (containing eggs) of the worm and its eggs.
Bullish tapeworm
Bullish tapeworm (tapeworm) lives in the small intestine and reaches 7 m in length. The larvae of bullish tapeworm infect humans through the consumption of undercooked beef. The larvae easy to notice in the flesh, because their size is about 5 mm. when it gets into the human body, the larva grows for 3 months.
Propagated by using the segments that contain up to 150 thousand larvae. As the segments on the body of the bovine tapeworm around 2 thousand.
These segments themselves are in the night from the anus and spreading across the bed. The availability of this worm can lead to infection beef tapeworm infection, which is manifested symptoms:
- Exhaustion of the organism.
- Disorder of the intestines.
- Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting.
- Of an allergic reaction.
The pig tapeworm
Pig tapeworms can be confused with the bull, but the dimensions has a modest – 2.5 meters. And the number of segments in this parasite is also lower – about 1 thousand. Crown worm has a suction cup and a proboscis with hooks, which is attached to the thicker of the intestine.
Become infected it is possible using raw meat and lard. This parasite causes the disease taeniasis and cysticercosis. Symptoms depend on the number of worms in the body. A large number of parasites can lead to intestinal blockage, which can be cured only by a surgical way.
Ancylostoma
Is the causative agent in hookworm. Location – 12-earthy intestine. The length of the worm about 14 mm. Living at the expense of nutritious substances, which produces from the intestinal wall.
A parasite on the blood vessels gets to the liver, lungs, heart. Assault ankylostomas is manifested by these symptoms:
- belching, nausea, heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea;
- headaches, dizziness;
- cough, shortness of breath, pneumonia, pain in the heart;
- rapid fatigue, chronic fatigue.
Hookworm causes complications: hepatitis, gastric ulcer 12-an earthy bowels, bronchitis, laryngitis, endocarditis. To confirm the diagnosis can be through the analysis of blood, fluoroscopy, x-ray.
The simplest organisms
The simplest of them says for the reason that they are single-celled. But that doesn't mean that their presence in the human body shouldn't cause concern. When these kinds of parasites can occur no less serious disease than in other cases.
Giardia
Their danger in connection with the fact that in the case that the body is missing pathological manifestations. People become infected by these microorganisms, swallowing the cysts of Giardia. This can happen when swimming in open waters. Reproduction of them going through cell division in half.
Of the stomach these parasites posted to the entire body along with the blood, affecting different organs.
The patient may perceive the symptoms of various diseases, but do not speculate about the reason for their development. The most commonly giardiasis causes the following diseases:
- Allergies.
- Inflammation of the bronchi.
- Bronchial asthma.
- Dermatitis.
- Cholecystitis.
- VSD.
- Enterocolitis.
- Dyskinesia 12-earthy intestine and biliary ducts.
- Enteritis.
- Chronic fatigue.
Further progression of the giardiasisa can become a cause of diseases of the CNS and the circulatory system.
Symptoms of deworming
The manifestation of helminthiasis in humans may vary. Symptoms that occur in people who have a strong infestation:
- A painful look.
- Weight loss.
- Pallor.
- Itching in the anal area.
In most cases, the infecting worms has similar symptoms with other diseases, treatment that does not bring results. Depending on the place of localization of parasites and their abundance occurs in the development of certain symptoms.
The failure of the functioning of the gastro-intestinal system
If helminths are parasitic in the intestine, then a person is faced with such problems, such as:
- Diarrhea or conversely, constipation.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Pain in the colon.
- Bloating.
- Sudden weight loss, or, conversely, to gain weight.
Large worms may block the intestine and become the cause of constipation. Due to continuous product selection person feel all the signs of intoxication – observed nausea, vomiting, general weakness.
Prevention
It must be remembered, that no worms can not be fruitful and multiply in the human body, each species has its own period, after which they die, for example, for roundworms it is just a few weeks, for Ascaris about a year.
Deferred adults of the eggs, must necessarily come out of the body either with feces, either on the skin near the rectum, to the external environment, in the soil, and only after Mature outside the human body and get into it again, start to be activated and to serve.
Because they multiply in the human body, the worms can not, increase the number of adult worms in the intestine already infected person, it is only possible when the re-infestation when the eggs again to get through the mouth into the organism.
For example, a person could get rid of the worms after 3-4 weeks without treatment. But it's not just follow these rules to the children and children of younger school age.